Information Systems Ethics. The term ethics is defined as "a set of moral principles" or "the principles of conduct governing an individual or a group."[1] One method for navigating new ethical waters is a code of ethics. A code of ethics is a document that outlines a set of acceptable behaviors for a...Which of the following is the best definition for cybersecurity? Which of the following cybersecurity roles is charged with the duty of managing incidents and remediation? [Blank] is a class of malware that hides the existence of other malware by modifying the underlying operating system.Here are some of the main ethical issues keeping the AI experts up at night. But on the other hand, if we consider the lower risk of accidents, self-driving trucks seem like an ethical choice. How can we guard against mistakes? Intelligence comes from learning, whether you're human or machine.Ethical issues may need to be addressed. For example, whether the researcher has received The interviewer might consider a summary column at the end or to the side of your sheet in order to This step is followed by a 'layout', or rearranging of questions, in both descriptions, likely because this is...1.In considering whether research is ethical, which of the following are balanced against each other? 2.Question 2Total Points: 2RESEARCH STUDY 1 Dr. Kline is planning on conducting a study next semester. He is curious as to whether sleep deprivation is associated with poorer cognitive...
Cybersecurity Fundamentals Quiz: Exam! - ProProfs Quiz
In determining if the research is ethical or not, the morality of the procedure, the methodology, goal, subject, and specimen should be considered. For example, it has long been a debate topic if we allow research with human beings as the experiment subject.Check whether each bibliography entry has such information as the work's complete title, writer's name, place of You will have to read most of these sources during the course of the term along with other materials. Good Research Paper Topics. Follow preventive measures against weapon.Free essays, homework help, flashcards, research papers, book reports, term papers, history D) adolescents at risk for failure in school. 4) Which of the following is NOT involved in RTI? They want to keep group size small so they each teach the same lesson to an equal number of students.Which of the following is generally a method to determine whether or not to include certain details Which of the following sections is not a basic section of a quantitative research paper? If you state alternative explanations in your discussion, which of the following should you also consider doing?
Top 9 ethical issues in artificial intelligence | World Economic Forum
Ethical Issues in Research. See also: Writing a Research Proposal. Ethics are broadly the set of rules, written Research ethics are the set of ethics that govern how scientific and other research is performed at The ethics committee's role is to consider that what you are doing is appropriate and...The FINER method prompts researchers to determine whether one has the means and interest to It also asks one to consider the ethical ramifications, as well as the relevancy of the research. Therefore, the writer will need to craft a research question for each study required for the assignment.Engineers follow an ethical guide that states that they "hold paramount the safety, health, and welfare of the public." Despite his egregious breach of scientific ethics, no criminal charges were ever filed against Schön. In other cases, actions that breach the scientific ethic also breach more fundamental...3. In considering whether research is ethical, which of the following are balanced against each other? ___ vs ___. 15. The need to balance the potential costs and benefits to participants taking part in a research study is done to address which principle of the Belmont Report?On the other hand, if morality were nothing more than commonsense, then why are there so many ethical disputes and issues in our society? Third, many of the ethical norms help to ensure that researchers can be held accountable to the public. For example, consider the following case Many different research ethics policies would hold that Tom has acted unethically by fabricating data.
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PART A: PRINCIPLES AND PLANNING FOR RESEARCH
1. Which of the following must now not be a criterion for a excellent research venture?
Demonstrates the skills of the researcher Is depending on the finishing touch of other tasks Demonstrates the integration of different fields of wisdom Develops the abilities of the researcherAnswer:
b. Is depending on the crowning glory of other projects
2. Which form of reasoning is the process of drawing a selected conclusion from a set of premises?
Objective reasoning Positivistic reasoning Inductive reasoning Deductive reasoningAnswer:
d: Deductive reasoning
3. Research that seeks to examine the findings of a find out about by means of using the same design but a different pattern is which of the following?
An exploratory find out about A replication learn about An empirical study Hypothesis testingAnswer:
b: A replication learn about
4. A researcher designs an experiment to check how variables have interaction to influence job-seeking behaviours. The primary function of the learn about was once:
Description Prediction Exploration ExplanationAnswer:
d: Explanation
5. Cyber bullying at work is a rising threat to worker job delight. Researchers wish to find out why other folks do this and the way they feel about it. The primary function of the find out about is:
Description Prediction Exploration ExplanationAnswer:
c: Exploration
6. A theory:
Is an accumulated body of wisdom Includes inconsequential concepts Is unbiased of research technique Should be considered uncriticallyAnswer:
a: Is an accrued body of wisdom
7. Which research formulation is a bottom-up method to research?
Deductive components Explanatory formulation Inductive method Exploratory formulationAnswer:
c: Inductive components
8. How a lot self assurance will have to you put in a unmarried research find out about?
You must accept as true with research findings after other researchers have replicated the findings You will have to utterly consider a single research learn about Neither a nor b Both a and bAnswer:
a: You will have to accept as true with research findings after other researchers have replicated the findings
9. A qualitative research problem commentary:
Specifies the research learn how to be utilized Specifies a research speculation Expresses a dating between variables Conveys a way of rising designAnswer:
d: Conveys a sense of rising design
10. Which of the following is a excellent research query?
To produce a document on scholar activity looking out behaviours To establish the courting between self-efficacy and scholar job looking out behaviours Students with upper ranges of self-efficacy will demonstrate more active job looking out behaviours Do scholars with high levels of self-efficacy display more energetic job searching behaviours?Answer:
d: Do scholars with prime ranges of self-efficacy exhibit more energetic process looking behaviours?
11. A evaluation of the literature previous to formulating research questions allows the researcher to :
Provide an up-to-date working out of the topic, its significance, and structure Guide the building of research questions Present the kinds of research methodologies used in previous studies All of the aboveAnswer:
d: All of the above
12. Sometimes a complete assessment of the literature previous to information collection is no longer really helpful by means of:
Ethnomethodology Grounded concept Symbolic interactionism Feminist ideaAnswer:
b: Grounded principle
13. The feasibility of a research find out about must be considered in mild of:
Cost and time required to conduct the study Access to gatekeepers and respondents Potential ethical concerns All of the aboveAnswer:
d: All of the above
14. Research that uses qualitative tricks for one section and quantitative methods for the subsequent phase is referred to as:
Action research Mixed-method research Quantitative research Pragmatic researchAnswer:
b: Mixed-method research
15. Research hypotheses are:
Formulated prior to a assessment of the literature Statements of predicted relationships between variables B but not A Both A and BAnswer:
c: B but no longer A
16. Which research manner is based on the epistemological point of view of pragmatism?
Quantitative research Qualitative research Mixed-methods research All of the aboveAnswer:
c: Mixed-methods research
17. Adopting moral rules in research approach:
Avoiding harm to members The researcher is anonymous Deception is handiest used when important Selected informants give their consentAnswer:
a: Avoiding hurt to individuals
18. A radical perspective on ethics means that:
Researchers can do anything else they want The use of checklists of ethical actions is crucial The powers of Institutional Review Boards should be reinforced Ethics will have to be according to self-reflexivityAnswer:
d: Ethics should be in response to self-reflexivity
19. Ethical problems can arise when researching the Internet as a result of:
Everyone has access to virtual media Respondents would possibly fake their identities Researchers would possibly faux their identities Internet research has to be covertAnswer:
b: Respondents may fake their identities
20. The Kappa statistic:
Is a measure of inter-judge validity Compares the level of settlement between two judges against what may were predicted unintentionally Ranges from 0 to +1 Is appropriate above a rating of 0.5Answer:
b: Compares the level of settlement between two judges against what might have been predicted by chance
PART B: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
1. Which research paradigm is maximum interested by generalizing its findings?
Quantitative research Qualitative research Mixed-methods research All of the aboveAnswer:
a: Quantitative research
2. A variable that is presumed to motive a transformation in some other variable is referred to as:
An intervening variable A dependent variable An independent variable A numerical variableAnswer:
c: An unbiased variable
3. A learn about of teaching execs posits that their performance-related pay will increase their motivation which in turn results in an increase in their process satisfaction. What type of variable is 'motivation"' in this study?
Extraneous Confounding Intervening ManipulatedAnswer:
c: Intervening
4. Which correlation is the strongest?
–1.00 +80 –60 +05Answer:
a: –1.00
5. When deciphering a correlation coefficient expressing the dating between two variables, it is necessary to not:
Assume causality Measure the values for X and Y independently Choose X and Y values that are most often disbursed Check the route of the courtingAnswer:
a: Assume causality
6. Which of the following can be described as a nominal variable?
Annual income Age Annual gross sales Geographical location of a firmAnswer:
d: Geographical location of a company
7. A positive correlation occurs when:
Two variables remain constant Two variables transfer in the identical path One variable is going up and the other goes down Two variables transfer in opposite instructionsAnswer:
b: Two variables move in the similar route
8. The key defining feature of experimental research is that:
The independent variable is manipulated Hypotheses are proved A favorable correlation exists Samples are massiveAnswer:
a: The independent variable is manipulated
9. Qualitative research is used in all the following circumstances, EXCEPT:
It is in keeping with a collection of non-numerical information similar to words and photographs It continuously uses small samples It makes use of the inductive formulation It is most often used when an ideal deal is already known about the subject of interestAnswer:
d: It is in most cases used when a perfect deal is already identified about the topic of passion
10. In an experiment, the staff that does not obtain the intervention is called:
The experimental workforce The participant crew The keep an eye on crew The treatment staffAnswer:
c: The keep watch over staff
11. Which typically cannot be assured in undertaking qualitative research in the field?
Keeping contributors from physical and emotional hurt Gaining informed consent Assuring anonymity quite than simply confidentiality Maintaining consent formsAnswer:
c: Assuring anonymity somewhat than just confidentiality
12. Which of the following is now not ethical apply in research with people?
Maintaining individuals' anonymity Gaining knowledgeable consent Informing members that they are unfastened to withdraw at any time Requiring individuals to proceed until the learn about has been finishedAnswer:
d: Requiring contributors to continue till the find out about has been finished
13. What can we name knowledge that are used for a new find out about but which have been accrued by an earlier researcher for a distinct set of research questions?
Secondary knowledge Field notes Qualitative information Primary informationAnswer:
a: Secondary knowledge
14. When each member of a inhabitants has an equal likelihood of being decided on, this is referred to as:
A snowball sample A stratified sample A random likelihood pattern A non-random patternAnswer:
c: A random chance sample
15. Which of the following techniques yields a simple random pattern of hospitals?
Randomly settling on a district and then sampling all hospitals within the district Numbering all the components of a clinic sampling body and then using a random quantity generator to select hospitals from the table Listing hospitals via sector and opting for a share from inside each sector at random Choosing volunteer hospitals to take partAnswer:
b: Numbering all the components of a clinic sampling frame after which the usage of a random number generator to pick hospitals from the desk
16. Which of the following statements are true?
The better the pattern measurement, the greater the confidence interval The smaller the sample dimension, the better the sampling error The extra categories being measured, the smaller the sample size A confidence degree of 95 p.c is always enoughAnswer:
b: The smaller the pattern measurement, the greater the sampling error
17. Which of the following will produce the least sampling error?
A big sample based on comfort sampling A small pattern in keeping with random sampling A large snowball pattern A large sample based on random samplingAnswer:
d: A large pattern in accordance with random sampling
18. When people are readily to be had, volunteer, or are simply recruited to the pattern, this is referred to as:
Snowball sampling Convenience sampling Stratified sampling Random samplingAnswer:
b: Convenience sampling
19. In qualitative research, sampling that comes to settling on diverse cases is referred to as:
Typical-case sampling Critical-case sampling Intensity sampling Maximum variation samplingAnswer:
d: Maximum variation sampling
20. A verify as it should be signifies an employee's rankings on a long run criterion (e.g., conscientiousness). What kind of validity is this?
Predictive Face Content ConcurrentAnswer:
a: Predictive
PART C: DATA COLLECTION METHODS
1. When designing a questionnaire it is necessary to do each of the following EXCEPT
Pilot the questionnaire Avoid jargon Avoid double questions Use main questionsAnswer:
d: Use leading questions
2. One benefit of using a questionnaire is that:
Probe questions can also be requested Respondents can be put relaxed Interview bias can also be have shyed away from Response charges are all the time highAnswer:
c: Interview bias can be have shyed away from
3. Which of the following is true of observations?
It takes much less time than interviews It is steadily no longer imaginable to resolve precisely why folks behave as they do Covert observation raises fewer ethical issues than overt All of the aboveAnswer:
b: It is incessantly no longer possible to resolve precisely why people behave as they do
4. A researcher secretly becomes an active member of a gaggle in order to watch their behaviour. This researcher is performing as:
An overt participant observer A covert non-participant observer A covert participant observer None of the aboveAnswer:
c: A covert participant observer
5. All of the following are benefits of structured statement, EXCEPT:
Results will also be replicated at a different time The coding time table would possibly impose a framework on what is being observed Data will also be amassed that participants may not understand is important Data do not need to depend on the recall of individualsAnswer:
b: The coding time table may impose a framework on what is being seen
6. When accomplishing an interview, asking questions such as: "What else? or 'Could you make bigger on that?' are all paperwork of:
Structured responses Category questions Protocols ProbesAnswer:
d: Probes
7. Secondary data can include which of the following?
Government statistics Personal diaries Organizational information All of the aboveAnswer:
d: All of the above
8. An ordinal scale is:
The simplest form of measurement A scale with an absolute 0 point A rank-order scale of dimension A scale with equal durations between ranksAnswer:
c: A rank-order scale of size
9. Which term measures the extent to which scores from a examine can be utilized to infer or predict performance in some process?
Face validity Content reliability Criterion-related validity Construct validityAnswer:
c: Criterion-related validity
10. The 'reliability'of a measure refers to the researcher asking:
Does it give consistent effects? Does it measure what it is meant to measure? Can the effects be generalized? Does it have face reliability?Answer:
a: Does it give constant results?
11. Interviewing is the favoured method EXCEPT when:
There is a necessity for highly personalised information It is necessary to ask supplementary questions High numbers of respondents are wanted Respondents have difficulty with written languageAnswer:
c: High numbers of respondents are wanted
12. Validity in interviews is reinforced by means of the following EXCEPT:
Building rapport with interviewees Multiple questions duvet the identical theme Constructing interview schedules that contain topics drawn from the literature Prompting respondents to increase on preliminary responsesAnswer:
b: Multiple questions quilt the similar theme
13. Interview questions must:
Lead the respondent Probe sensitive problems Be delivered in a neutral tone Test the respondents' powers of memoryAnswer:
c: Be delivered in a impartial tone
14. Active listening talents approach:
Asking as many questions as imaginable Avoiding silences Keeping to time Attentive listeningAnswer:
d: Attentive listening
15. All the following are strengths of focal point groups EXCEPT:
They allow get admission to to a variety of contributors Discussion allows for the validation of concepts and views They can generate a collective standpoint They help deal with confidentialityAnswer:
d: They assist care for confidentiality
16. Which of the following is now not all the time true about center of attention teams?
The excellent size is most often between 6 and 12 contributors Moderators should introduce themselves to the group Participants will have to come from diverse backgrounds The moderator poses preplanned questionsAnswer:
c: Participants will have to come from diverse backgrounds
17. An obstacle of the use of secondary data is that:
The information could have been gathered as regards to research questions that are no longer the ones of the researcher The researcher may bring more detachment in viewing the knowledge than unique researchers could muster Data have incessantly been gathered through groups of skilled researchers Secondary information sets are continuously to be had and out thereAnswer:
a: The knowledge can have been gathered with regards to research questions that are not the ones of the researcher
18. All of the following are resources of secondary information EXCEPT:
Official statistics A tv documentary The researcher's research diary A company's annual documentAnswer:
c: The researcher's research diary
19. Which of the following is not true about visual tips?
They are not reliant on respondent recall The have low resource necessities They do not depend on phrases to capture what is happening They can seize what is going down in actual timeAnswer:
b: The have low useful resource necessities
20. Avoiding naïve empiricism in the interpretation of visible data approach:
Understanding the context in which they had been produced Ensuring that visible photographs reminiscent of photographs are accurately taken Only the use of visible pictures with other data amassing sources Planning the seize of visible information in moderationAnswer:
a: Understanding the context in which they have been produced
PART D: ANALYSIS AND REPORT WRITING
1. Which of the following is mistaken when naming a variable in SPSS?
Must begin with a letter and no longer a host Must end in a full prevent Cannot exceed 64 characters Cannot come with symbols reminiscent of ?, & and %Answer:
b: Must end in a complete stop
2. Which of the following is not an SPSS Type variable?
Word Numeric String DateAnswer:
a: Word
3. A graph that uses vertical bars to constitute knowledge is referred to as:
A bar chart A pie chart A line graph A vertical graphAnswer:
a: A bar chart
4. The function of descriptive statistics is to:
Summarize the characteristics of an information set Draw conclusions from the information None of the above All of the aboveAnswer:
a: Summarize the characteristics of a data set
5. The measure of the extent to which responses range from the mean is called:
The mode The commonplace distribution The same old deviation The varianceAnswer:
c: The standard deviation
6. To compare the performance of a gaggle at time T1 and then at T2, we might use:
A chi-squared verify One-way analysis of variance Analysis of variance A paired t-testAnswer:
d: A paired t-test
7. A Type 1 error occurs in a scenario the place:
The null hypothesis is permitted when it is in reality true The null speculation is rejected when it is in truth false The null hypothesis is rejected when it is in truth true The null speculation is approved when it is in reality falseAnswer:
c: The null hypothesis is rejected when it is in fact true
8. The significance stage
Is set after a statistical test is carried out Is always set at 0.05 Results in a p-value Measures the likelihood of rejecting a real null speculationAnswer:
d: Measures the probability of rejecting a real null speculation
9. To predict the value of the dependent variable for a brand new case in response to the wisdom of a number of impartial variables, we might use
Regression research Correlation analysis Kolmogorov-Smirnov check One-way research of varianceAnswer:
a: Regression research
10. In undertaking secondary data research, researchers should ask themselves all of the following EXCEPT:
Who produced the file? Is the material genuine? How can respondents be re-interviewed? Why used to be the report produced?Answer:
c: How can respondents be re-interviewed?
11. Which of the following are not true of reflexivity?
It recognizes that the researcher is no longer a impartial observer It has mainly been carried out to the analysis of qualitative knowledge It is section of a post-positivist tradition A danger of adopting a reflexive stance is the researcher can grow to be the focus of the find out aboutAnswer:
c: It is part of a post-positivist tradition
12. Validity in qualitative research can be strengthened by means of all of the following EXCEPT:
Member checking for accuracy and interpretation Transcribing interviews to strengthen accuracy of data Exploring rival explanations Analysing negative casesAnswer:
b: Transcribing interviews to toughen accuracy of data
13. Qualitative information analysis programs are helpful for each of the following EXCEPT:
Manipulation of large amounts of information Exploring of the knowledge against new dimensions Querying of information Generating codesAnswer:
d: Generating codes
14. Which part of a research document incorporates main points of how the research used to be planned and conducted?
Results Design Introduction BackgroundAnswer:
b: Design
15. Which of the following is a form of research usually conducted by managers and other execs to address problems in their organizations and/or skilled observe?
Action research Basic research Professional research Predictive researchAnswer:
a: Action research
16. Plagiarism can also be have shyed away from by way of:
Copying the paintings of others correctly Paraphrasing the author's textual content in your individual words Cut and pasting from the Internet Quoting directly with out revealing the supplyAnswer:
b: Paraphrasing the writer's text in your own words
17. In preparing for a presentation, you should do all of the following EXCEPT:
Practice the presentation Ignore your nerves Get to grasp more about your target market Take a sophisticated look, if conceivable, at the facilitiesAnswer:
b: Ignore your nerves
18. You can create pastime in your presentation via:
Using bullet points Reading from notes Maximizing the use of animation results Using metaphorsAnswer:
d: Using metaphors
19. In getting ready for a viva or similar oral examination, it is best possible when you've got:
Avoided citing the examiner in your thesis Made exaggerated claims on the basis of your information Published and referenced your own article(s) Tried to memorize your workAnswer:
c: Published and referenced your personal article(s)
20. Grounded concept coding:
Makes use of a priori concepts from the literature Uses open coding, selective coding, then axial coding Adopts a deductive stance Stops when theoretical saturation has been reachedAnswer:
d: Stops when theoretical saturation has been reached
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